Typewriting machine



June 1, 1943. F. M. CARROLL 2,320,810

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Sept. 18, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTO R N EYFIG. 1.

Filed Sept. 18, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 q NVENTOR Q BY 5 ATTO RNEYPatented June 1, 1943 QEGIUH I'KUUH TYPEWRITING MACHINE Fred M. Carroll,Binghamton, N. Y., assignor to International Business MachinesCorporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York ApplicationSeptember 18, 1941, Serial No. 411,306

23 Claims.

This invention relates to typewriting machines.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved poweroperated typewriter.

Another object is to provide a power operated means for selectivelyrotating a type wheel.

An object is to provide a power operated mechanism for actuating a typewheel which requires only one power operator instead of a plurality, onefor each character, as is more commonly the case.

An object is to provide a novel selecting mechanism for controlling theoperation of a type wheel.

An object is to provide a typewriter with a plurality of type wheels andmechanism to select either of the type wheels for operation at the willof the operator.

An object is to provide a typewriting mechanism which may be operated bya single cam unit of the type disclosed in Patent No. 1,777,055.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the followingdescription and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention andthe best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the machine with portions of the cabinet cutaway and with the carriage removed.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a large scale detail view of the aligning member.

Fig. 4 is a. large scale detail view showing the aligning member anddisc in engaged position.

The main frame work comprises a rectangular base In on which is mountedin parallel spaced relationship two vertical central frames II whichsupport the printing mechanism and carriage. These frames H are rigidlyjoined together by cross members l4, IS, on which are pivotally mountedthe members supporting the type elements; cross frames l6 and I1,supporting the type element rotating members; and the carriage rails l8and IS on which the carriage 20 is mounted in a well known way by meansof suitable anti-friction bearings. Two supplemental side frames 2| arealso provided at the front end of base III, which frames 2| are joinedtogether by bars 22a, 22b.

The carriage may be of the form used in the well known Electromatic"typewriter which has also been known as the International, but any othersuitable form of carriage may be used equally as well. Upon the rearrail I9 is mounted the usual escapement mechanism generally designated23, which may be of the form shown in U. S. Patent No. 1,994,544.

The machine is operated by a suitable electric motor M (Fig. 1) which iscoupled in any suitable way to a power roller 24 driven continually bythe motor M in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 2). One end of the powerroller 24 is supported by the motor M while the other end of the powerroller is journaled in left hand vertical frame plate ll. The right handframe plate H is provided with a suitable opening to accommodate theframe of the motor M. This power roller provides the means for operatingall of the mechanisms of the typewriter.

Printing is effected by means of two rotatable type elements like righthand element 25R, each provided with six annular rows of type charactersof which there are seven types in each row. These type elements aresecured to the upper ends of shafts 26R, 26L which are journaled inframe castings 21R, 21L (Fig. 1) each provided with an ear whichpivotally connects the frame casting 21R or 21L to an arm 28. This armis bifurcated to allow free pivotal movement of the frames 21R, 21L andthe shafts 26R, 26L. The arm 28 is secured to a vertical shaft 29journaled in the frame cross members ll, l5. An arm 30 is secured to theshaft 29 directly underneath the arm 28, but is approximately half thelength of the latter. Pivoted to the arm 30 are two support arms 3|R,31L which are pivotally connected by links 32 to socket bearing members33 attached to the lower ends of shafts 26R, 26L. Construction of thebearing members 33 is such that the shafts 26R, 26L are freely rotatabletherein, but are incapable of withdrawal from the bearing memberswhereby the raising or lowering of the arms 3|R, 3IL will result inraising or lowering the corresponding shafts 26R, 26L. This operation isperformed selectively under control of the keys and will be explainedhereinafter.

The arms 3|R, 3|L are twisted to form fiattened lugs 3Ia of which thelug for the shaft 26L, as shown in Fig. l, is supported in a narrowchannel formed in a bracket 34L secured to the frame or base ID. The lug3la for the arm 3|R, corresponding to the shaft 26R, is loosely receivedin a bifurcation formed in the horizontal arm of a bell crank 35 securedto a shaft 36 supported by the left hand frame H (Fig. l) and a bearingIla. Thus both typewheels R, 25L are supported at all times and one ofthem may always be moved vertically by rocking the bell crank in eitherdirection (Fig. 2). When the arm 30 is moved horizontally about theshaft 29 as an axis, or clockwise in Fig. l, the lug 3la on the righthand arm 3|R will be moved into the channel in a bracket 34R similar tobracket 34L, While the lug 3|a on the left hand arm 3IL will be movedinto the bifurcation in the arm 35. Thus one or the other of the twotypewheels 25R, 25L may be selected for a printing operation whichinvolves selective rotation of the typewheel, selective axial movement,and a rocking movement to effect printing by the type which was selectedby the first two movements.

Normally the type element 25R or 25L which is in printing positionremains in a central position With respect to both rotational movementand axial movement, but is movable three extents away from the centralposition both rotationally and axially. These two movements are effectedby similar mechanisms under control of the character keys. The operationof the two mechanisms for effecting the selection of the characters onthe type elements is best understood with reference to the one whicheffects rotation of the typewheel. This mechanism is mainly supported byframe members IS, IT and comprises a pair of rocking frames designated31R, 31L which are substantially identical in construction and arerotatably mounted on a stub shaft 38 journaled in the frame members l6,H. The frame members 31R, 31L are each formed with three horizontalparallel slots extending radially on the shaft 38 in which slots arepivotally mounted three levers 39. The ends of the levers 39 nearestshaft 38 are slotted to provide a pivotal sliding connection to a longpin 40a on an arm formed in a gear sector 49 which is fixed on the shaft38. This gear sector normally meshes with one or the other of longpinions 4| secured to the shafts 26R, 26L.

The frame members 31R, 31L are provided with arms which extend to rightand left, respectively (Fig. 1), underneath cross member I! and arepivotally connected to links 42 which extend horizontally to the rear ofthe machine and are in turn pivotally connected to arms 43 secured to ashaft 44. The shaft 44 is journaled in the frame plates l I and isprovided with an arm 45 (see Fig. 2 also) connected by link 46 to a camunit 47 which is pivotally mounted on a cross rod 48 supported by theframe I l and by a bearing bracket 49 attached to the base Hi. The camunit 41 is constructed according to a principle Well known in the artand explained in Patent No. 1,777,055, but in the present case the sideframes of the cam unit are widely separated and rotatably support a longcam 41a instead of a narrow cam as in the above patent.

Cam 41a is controlled by a release lever 50, as in the above patent,which lever is provided with a pin 50a received in a slot in the end ofan arm 5| fixed on a cross shaft 52 carried by the frame plates I I.When the arm 5| is rocked in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 2) therelease lever 59 is rotated in the opposite direction to release the cam41a which, in a well known way, is rotated slightly by spring means toengage power roller 24 and is subsequently rotated by the latter.Rotation of the cam 41a of the power roller 24 results in cam unit 47rocking in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 2) thereby raising link 46and rocking shaft 44 in a counterclockwise direction against the tensionof restoring spring 41b. This operation causes the links 42 to move tothe left (Fig. 2) or downwardly in Fig. 1, thereby rocking the frame 31Rclockwise and the frame 31L counterclockwise. Normally spring 412) holdsthe cam unit against a stop bar 46a.

The three levers 39 of each frame 31R, 31L are pivotally mounted at 31aintermediate their ends three different distances from the center ofshaft 38 and, if any one of them is held at its left hand end (Fig. 2),the shaft 26R or 26L, whichever is operative, will be rotated eitherclockwise or counterclockwise (Fig. 1) three different extents in eitherdirection depending upon which of the levers 39 is held.

The two assemblies comprisiing frames 31R, 31L and their levers 39 areidentical but reversed on shaft 38 so that the lowest of the six levers39 in Fig. 2 and the highest have the same effect except for thedirection of motion imparted to sector 49. For example, the lowest lever39 in Fig. 2, when held against movement at its rounded left hand end39a and its pivot 31a is moved a fixed distance, acts as a lever of thethird class and the right hand end will be moved a greater extent thanthe lever immediately above it. whereby the operative type wheel 25R or25L will be turned a maximum extent, or three spaces, from the centralposition in a clockwise direction with reference to Fig. 1. The thirdlever from the bottom will move the least extent and the type wheel 25Rwill be rotated clockwise with reference to Fig. 1 only one characterspace away from the central position. Similarly, the topmost lever 39(Fig. 2) will rotate the type wheel the maximum extent in acounterclockwise direction with reference to Fig. 1. Normally the gearsector 40 is held in a neutral or central position by means of a spring55 (Fig. 2) anchored to a pin carried by the cross bar 2211 and to anarm 56 secured to the upper end of the stub shaft 38. A similar spring51 and arm 58 secured to the shaft 36 hold the horizontal arm of hellcrank 35 (Fig. 1) in a neutral or horizontal position.

For the purpose of selectively positioning the bell crank 35 to raise orlower the type wheel 25R (Fig. 2), there are provided two members 59like members 31R, 31L rockably mounted in the same way on shaft 36 andprovided with levers 60 similar to the levers 39. The levers 60 arebifurcated at their lower ends to provide a pivotal sliding connectionto a long pin 35a like the pin 40a carried by the vertically extendingarm of the bell crank 35. The frames 59 are connected by links 6| toarms 62 secured to the shaft 44 which, it will be recalled, is rockedcounterclockwise whenever the cam unit 4'! is operative. When the levers60 are selectively held at their rounded ends 60a, the bell crank 35will be rocked one of three extents, either clockwise orcounterclockwise (Fig. 2), according to which of the levers 60 isselected.

For the purpose of controlling the levers 39, there is provided a seriesof detent levers 63 (Fig. 1) which are pivotally mounted at 64a in abracket 64 secured to the rear face of cross bar 22a, three of thelevers 63 being mounted at the lower left hand corner of the bracket 64and the UMUIUH remaining three at the upper right hand end. Each lever63 has a notch 63a designed to receive and act as a socket for therounded end 39a of a lever 39 when the notched end of such lever 63 isrocked rearwardly of the keyboard. The levers 63 are formed with narrowportions 63b (Fig. 1) which extend into slots formed in six rock levers65 (Fig. 2) journaled on a rod 66 supported by the frame members 2|. Thelower ends of the rock levers 65 are slotted to embrace pins carried bysix upstanding arms 61, forming part of six bails designated A to F,respectively, pivoted on a rod 66 and extending underneath the keylevers 69 of the keyboard. Bails A to F are restored by springs 61b.

The keys 69 are pivoted on a rod 68a (Fig. 2) supported by the bar 22b,which is also slotted to separate the key levers 69, and are restored bysprings 68b. Most of the keys are formed with selector lugs 69a whichare disposed difl'erent distances from the rod 69 and register with thebails A to F according to a system explained hereinafter. Whenever a keyhaving a lug 69a registering with one of the balls A to F is depressed,the corresponding vertical arm 61 will be rocked counterclockwise (Fig.2), thereby rocking the lever 65 to which it is connected in a clockwisedirection. This will cause the free end of the corresponding lever 63 tobe rocked rearwardly (Fig. 1) to seat the rounded end 39a of thecorresponding lever 39 in the notch 63a. Subsequently the cam unit 41will be caused to be operated by means to be described hereinafter andboth of the frames 31R, 31L will be rocked as explained above, therebyapplying an actuating force to the selected lever 39 at its pivot 31a.This, of course, will cause the operative type wheel 25R or 25L to berotated in the proper direction to partly select the type correspondingto the key depressed.

Besides the six bails A to F, six similar bails designated G to L (Fig.2) are pivoted on the rod 68 and have upstanding arms 61a connected byhorizontal links 10 to detent levers II. The detent levers H arepivotally mounted on a rod 12 supported by the side-plates II and areshaped like bell cranks with the horizontal arm provided with a notch Hahaving the same function with respect to a lever 60 as the notch 63a inthe detent lever 63. When the levers H are rocked clockwise (Fig. 2),the upper end of a lever 60 will become seated in the notch Ha of theselected lever H and hold such lever 60 in the same way as the levers 63hold the levers- For most of the character key levers, there is presentboth a lug 69a registering with one of the bails A to F and a lug 69bregistering with one of the bails G to L, whereby both a lever 39 and alever 60 will be selectively held in the manner described above to causeselective rotation of the type wheel 25R and rocking movement of thebell crank 35 to selectively elevate or lower the type wheel 25R.However, every character key has a lug 69b but not all character keyshave lugs 69a. The reason for this is that there are seven characters inthe annular rows of characters on the type wheels whereas there are onlysix rows of such characters on each type wheel. Normally, irrespectiveof vertical move ment of the type wheel 25R, there is always a characterin each row in central position opposite the platen and to select thesix characters in the central position, it is merely necessary to raiseor lower the type wheel 25R or 25L.

Character Bails Character Bails 2 G 0 G 3 A, K A, H 4 G M- 36 G 5 B, I J1 6 K I L &. 7 0, Cl E, H M. 3 I 'L/ H 9 E, K F, H

Character Bails Character Bails A, a F, I N. n C, H B, b C, L 0. o E, Jc F, I P, p L D, d A, I Q, q F, K E, e A, J R, r B, L F, r B, K s, s KG, g B, G T, t B, H H, h C, I U, u D, L I, i D, H V, v B, J Li D, K w, wI K, k 1), o x, x A, L L, l E, I Y, y C, J

M, m D, J z, z F, L

The cam unit 41 is rendered operative by movement of th selected detentlever H, and for this purpose the horizontal arms of levers H extend tothe right (Fig. 2) and overlie a universal bar in the form of a crossbar 5| a secured to an arm 5Ib fixed to shaft 52. Whenver one of thelevers II is rocked clockwise to select a. lever 66, the horizontal armof the lever H will engage the cross bar Sid and rock the arm 5|counterclockwise to release the cam unit for operation as explainedabove. This is another reason for providing each of the key levers 69with a lug 691:.

Since depression of two character keys simultaneously would result injamming of the machine due to simultaneously selecting two of the levers39 or two of the levers 60, key locking means is provided to preventoperation of two keys. This means is well known in the art and consists,in the case of the levers 1|, of a bar 13 (Fig. 2) which is slottedtransversely to guide the horizontal arms of levers H and is also boredlongitudinally to receive locking balls 14 which are of such size andarrangement that only one of the levers 1| may be actuated at a time.Lockout mechanisms of this type are quite commonly provided in keycontrolled printing machines and many forms exist which could be used inplace of the one shown in the drawings. A similar lock-out mechanism isprovided for the levers 63 and consists of short blocks 64b (Figs. 1 and2) secured to the brackets 64 and slotted and bored like bar 13 toaccommodate lock-out balls Ma. The levers 63 are formed with curved lugs630 which extend into the slots in the blocks 64b and cooperate with theballs 74a. Thus, only one of the levers 39 and only one of the levers 60may be operated at a time.

The third movement of the type wheel consists in rocking the framemember 21R or 21L in a clockwise direction (Fig. 2) to cause theselected type character to efiect an impression on a work sheet 15wrapped around platen 16 HUUHI through the usual inking ribbon (notshown). For this purpose, there is provided a cross rod 11 which iscarried by the links 42 and extends behind one arm of a bell crank 18pivoted at the middle of rod 12. A spring I9 urges the bell crank 18 ina clockwise direction (Fig. 2) and normally holds the vertical arm ofsaid bell crank in contact with the rod 11. When the links 42 are movedforwardly, that is, are pushed to the left (Fig. 2) by the cam unit 41,the bell crank 18 is rocked counterclockwise and the horizontal armthereof, by engagement with a lug 21a formed in the frame 21R or 21L, asthe case may be, rocks such frame clockwise to efiect the impression bythe selected type wheel, 25R or 25L.

Means are also provided to hold the type wheel rigid against both axialand rotational movements while characters are being printed. This meansconsists of an arm 88 (Fig. 2) pivoted on rod 12 adjacent the bell crank18 and connected right, thereby rotating the shaft 29 clockwise by alink 8| to one arm of a bell crank 82 secured to a shaft 83 journaled inthe frame plates H. A torsion spring 84 on the rod 83 normally urges thebell crank 82 in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 2) against a stoprod 85 carried by the plates Pivoted at 82a on the upper end of thevertical arm of bell crank 82 is an aligning member in the form of anarm 86 which is urged in a clockwise direction by a spring 81 which ishooked around a pin carried by the bell crank 82 and also around the arm86, the spring being coiled around the pivot 82a for arm 86. A portionof th member 86 abuts a lug 82?) formed in the bell crank 82 to limitclockwise rotation of the member 86 under the influence of spring 81.When the frame 21R or 21L, as the case may be, is operated by the bellcrank 18 to print a character as described above, the lug 21a engagesthe arm 88 and rocks it counterclockwise, thereby depressing link 8| torock bell crank 82 and the aligning member 86 clockwise as a unit.

Adjacent the bearing 33, each shaft 26R, 26L has a toothed aligning disk88 formed with seven teeth 88a which are triangular in shapetransversely of the disk 88 with the interdental spaces 88b V-shaped inside view. The aligning member 86 has six cut-away portions, as at 86a(Fig. 3), to form wedge shaped teeth capable of entering the V-shapedinterdental spaces 88b (Fig. 4) in the aligning disk 88 to preventrotational movement thereof. The shape of the cut-away portions 86a issuch that the converging side walls of the spaces 86a engage the sidesof the teeth in the disk 88 to prevent vertical movement of theoperative shaft 26R or 26L. The cut-away portions 86a are spaced tocorrespond with the spacing of the rows of type characters on the typewheels, while the interdental spaces 88b on the disk 88 correspond inposition to the type characters on the type wheels R or 25L. Thepositions of the tooth spaces on the disk 88 and the cut-away portions8611 on arm 88 are such that the type faces always strike squarely atthe printing point.

For the purpose of selecting the type wheels 25R, 25L, there areprovided two shift keys SK (Figs. 1 and 2) which form part of a bail 89pivoted on the rod 88 and having a downward extension 98 (Fig. 2)connected by a link 9| to an arm 92 secured to the vertical shaft 29which, it will be remembered, carries the arms 28 and 38. When a shiftkey SK is depressed, the bail 89 and arm 98 are rocked counterclockwise(Fig. 2), thrusting the link 9| to the rear or to the (Fig. 1). Thiscauses both the arms 28 and 88 to move in the same direction, therebyswinging the type wheel 25L into operative position. The lug 3|a on thearm 3|R is thereby carried out of cooperation with the end of thehorizontal arm in bell crank 35 and into the channel shaped space in thebracket 34R. At the same time the lug 3|a for the arm 3|L i moved intothe bifurcation in the bell crank 35.

Means is provided for preventing the type wheels 25R, 25L from beingdisplaced with respect to the selecting mechanism. This means comprisesa. rack plate 94 (Fig. 1) which is attached to the cross member |6 abovesector 48 by means of suitable screws 95 and spacing collars interposedbetween the cross member l8 and plate to prevent plate 94 from bindingthe sector 48. The rear edge of plate 94 is provided with teeth like theteeth on the pinions 4| on shafts 28R, 28L except for omission of teethand formation of a small space directly in the center of the plate whichpermits free rotation of the pinion for the shaft 26R. or 26L which isin the operative position.

As shown most clearly in Fig. 1, the teeth on the sector 48 and theteeth on the plate 94 are so arranged that the pinions are always inmesh with one or the other of these members. When the arms 28, 38 andshaft 29 are rotated in a clockwise direction with reference to Fig. 1,the shafts 26R, 28L are caused to rotate in consequence of the pinionsrolling over the plate 94 and the sector 48. In other words, wheneverthe type wheel 25L is selected by a case shift operation involving thedepression of a shift key SK, the lower case type wheel 25R will berotated away from its normal position as well as shifted bodily to theright in Fig. 1 and upon .a release of the shift key will be reverselyrotated and shifted the same extent back to its normal position.

Provision is made of means for locking the gear sector 40 againstmovement while the key SK is shifting the type wheel 25L into positionand vice versa. This means includes an aligning member 96 (Fig. 2)secured to the underside of the gear sector 40. The member 98 consistsof an arm which is bent downwardly and horizontally toward the keyboardand its front or left hand edge (Fig. 2) is provided with a notchopposite the upper end of a detent lever 91 pivoted on a bracket 91acarried by the cross member I5. The lower end of the detent lever 91 isprovided with a cam projection 91b coacting with a pin 98a carried by anarm 98b, forming part of the bail including the shift keys SK. The camprojection 91b is so designed that the initial movement of the shift keycauses the detent lever 91 to rock clockwise (Fig. 2) whereby its upperend enters the notch in the detent member 96 before any appreciablemovement of the type wheels into and out of operative position takesplace with the result that the plate 94 and the gear sector 40constitute the equivalent of a single fixed rack over which the pinions4| may roll into and out of operative position.

Means is provided to effect spacing of the carriage 28 automaticallyeach time a character is printed. Loose on shaft 44 is an arm 98 whichis located alongside of a second arm 99 which is fixed to the shaft 44.The arm 99 has a bentover lug 99a in the plane of the arm 98 whereby arm98 will be rocked counterclockwise with each operation of the shaft 44by the cam unit 41.

The arm 98 is connected by a link I to an arm IOIa secured to a shaftI02 Journaled in plates II, and a second arm IN!) on shaft I02-isconnected by a link I03 to the escapement operating arm I04. As a resultof this linkage, the arm I04 is rocked counterclockwise whenever aprinting operation takes place and actuates the escapement 23 in a wellknown way, causing the carriage to space under the motive power providedby the usual spring motor (not shown). For the purpose of spacing thecarriage without printing, as between words, there is provided a spacebar SB which is part of a double bail I05 pivoted on the rod 68a andhaving a crossbar I05a connected by a link I06 to a rock lever I01. Thelatter is journaled on a cross rod I08 and is connected by a link I09 toa cam unit control lever I I0 similar in shape to the control lever 5|.

The control lever IIO icontrols a cam unit III (Fig. 1) like the onesdisclosed in Patent No. 1,777,055. Cam unit III is pivoted on cross rod00 to the left of the cam-unit 41 (Fig. 1) and is connected by a link II! to one arm of a bell crank M3 loosely mounted on the shaft 40adjacent the arm 98. .The bell crank H3 is provided with a ing iI3aextending into the plane of the arm 98, whereby the latter may be rockedcounterclockwise by similar rotation of either, the arm 99, through lug99a, or an arm of the bell crank till, through the lug II3a. When thespace bar SE is depressed, cross bar I05 is moved counterclockwise,thrusting the link I06 to the right (Fig. 2), thereby rocking the leverI01 counterclockwise to draw downwardly the link I09. This rocks controllever iI0 in a counterclockwise direction and releases the cam unit I IIfor operation by the power roller in the same way as the arm 5! rendersthe cam unit 41 operative. As a result, the link II2 will be thrustupwardly, rocking the bell crank lever 11 I3 counterclockwise and,through the lug H311, rocking the arm 98 in the same direction to eifectan operation of the escapement mechanism 03. also has a spring like 50which holds the cam unit in the same position as cam unit 41 in Fig. 2,with bar 060: acting as a limit stop.

. Vil'hile there has been shown and described and pointed out thefundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a singleembodiment it will be understood that various omissions andsubstitutions and changes in the form and details of the deviceillustrated and in its operation may be, made by those skilled in theart without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is theintention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope ofthe following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A typewriting machine comprising a plurality of type wheels, eachtype wheel having a plurality of annular rows of type; means to mountboth of said type wheels for selective axial movement and selectiverotary movement to select a character to be printed, means toselectively rotate said type wheels and to move them axially, and meansto move a selected one of said type wheels into cooperation with theselective rotation and moving means.

2. In a typewriting machine, a type wheel having at least one row ofcharacters thereon, a series of keys corresponding to said characters;means to selectively rotate the type wheel under control of the keysincluding a rock member having an invariable excursion, a sector forrotating the type wheel, and actuating levers on said rock Cam unit i II tor, said levers being fulcrumed at diiferent points intermediatetheir ends whereby when the free end of any lever is held, its other endwill actuate the sector a predetermined extent for each movement of therock member; power means for actuating the rock member, means controlledby the keys for selectively holding the end of the actuating levers, andmeans controlled by the keys for causing an operation of the powermeans.

3. In a typewriting machine, a type wheel having at least one row ofcharacters, a member for rotating said type wheel, a rock frame; aseries of actuating levers pivotally mounted on said rock frame andhaving one end of each pivotally connected to said member, said leversbeing pivoted on said frame difierent distances from the point ofconnection to said member whereby when the other ends of said levers areheld and the frame rocked, .said member will be rotated differentdistances; 9, series of keys, means controlled by said keys andengageable with the free ends of said levers for selectively holding thefree ends of said levers againstmovement whereby to effect selectiverotation of the type wheel, and means to rock said frame.

4. In a typewriting machine, a type wheel having at least one row ofcharacters, a sector for rotating said type wheel, a rock frame, aseries of actuating levers pivotally mounted on said rock frame andhaving one end of each pivotally connected to said sector, said leversbeing pivoted on said frame different distances from the oint ofconnection to said sector whereby when the other ends of said levers areheld and the frame rocked, said sector will be rotated differentdistances, a

series of keys, means controlled by said keys and engageable with thefree ends of said levers for selectively holding the free ends of saidlevers against movement to effect selective rotation of the type wheel,and power mean controlled by said keys for actuating said rock frame.

5. In a typewriting machine, a type wheel having at least One row ofcharacters, a sector for rotating said type wheel, a rock frame, aseries of actuating levers pivotally mounted on said rock frame andhaving one end of each pivotally connected to said sector, said leversbeing pivoted on said frame different distances from the point ofconnection to said sector whereby, when the other ends of said leversare held and the frame rocked, said sector will be rotated differentdistances, a series of keys, means controlled by said keys andengageable with the free ends of said levers for selectively holding thefree ends of said levers against movement to effect selective rotationof the type wheel; and means to rock said frame, including a.continually rotating power roller and a cam unit having means releasablefor engaging said cam unit with said power roller and connected to saidframe and released for engagement with the power roller by operation 'ofany one of said keys.

6. In a typewriting machine, a type wheel having a plurality of annularrows of characters.

means to mount said type wheel for axial movement to select a row ofcharacters thereon, means for moving said type wheel axially including arockable member coupled to the type wheel, a

rock frame, series of actuating levers pivotallymounted on said frameand having one end of each pivotally connected to the rockable memberand the other ends free, said actuating levers being pivotedintermediate their ends different distances from their free endswhereby'when any member, each having one end engaging said secone ofthem is held at its free end and the frame rocked, the rockable memberwill be actuated an extent commensurate with the distance the selectedlever is pivoted from its free end, a series of detent levers, eachassociated with one of said actuating levers and selectivel engageablewith the free end of said one lever, a series of keys operativelyconnected to said detent levers, and means controlled by said keys forrocking said frame.

'7. In a typewriting machine, a plurality of type wheels, each having aplurality of annular rows of type characters, each of said type wheelsbeing mounted for axial movement to select a row of characters, means toselectively move said type wheels axially including a rockable member, arock frame having an invariable excursion, a series of actuating leverspivoted on said rock frame and having one end of each lever pivotallyconnected to the rockable member and their other ends free, saidactuating levers being pivoted on said frame different distances fromthe point of pivotal connection to the rockable member, detentsengageable with the free ends of said levers, said levers when held bysaid detent levers causing the rockable member to be rocked differentdistances according to the distance of the pivot of the selected leverfrom the point of its connection 'to the rockable member, keys forcontrolling the detent levers, and means to couple one or the other ofsaid type wheels to said rockable member.

8. In a typewriting machine, a type wheel having a plurality of annularrows of type; means to rotatably and slidably mount said type wheel andmeans for selectively rotating and selectively displacing said typewheel along its axis including rock frames having invariable excursions,rockable elements, each associated with one of said frames and havingconnections to the type wheel for respectively rotating such type wheeland shifting it axially, actuating levers pivoted on said frames, saidlevers having their ends pivotally connected to said rockable members ingroups and their other ends free, said actuating levers being pivotedintermediate their ends to said frame difierent distances from theirpoints of the extent resulting from holding another lever, and detentlevers, each for holding the free end of one of the actuating levers; aseries of keys for controlling said detent levers, and means controlledby said keys for operating said detent levers in combinations to effecta simultaneous rotation and axial displacement of the type wheel toselect a character.

10. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a printingmember having a plurality of type thereon, means to movably mount saidprinting member to select any of said type, a series ofkeys'corresponding to said type, a member having an invariable movement;a series of actuating levers pivoted at difierent points intermediatetheir ends to said invariably movable member, one end of each leverhaving connection to the printing member, said levers, when held attheir free ends and the invariably movable member is operated, causingthe printing member to move a different distance for each lever so held;means controlled by the keys for holding the free ends of said levers,and means controlled by said keys for causing an operation of theinvariably movable member.

11. In a machine of the class described, the

' combination of a printing member having a pluconnection to therockable members whereby,

when the free end of any lever is held against movement and theassociated rock frame moved an invariable extent, the type wheel will berotated or shifted axially an extent different from the extent resultingfrom holding another lever, and detent levers, each for holding the freeend of one of said actuating levers; a series of keys.

for controlling said detent levers and means controlled by the keys forrocking said frames.

9. In a typewriting machine, a type wheel having a plurality of annularrows of type; means to rotatably and slidably mount said type wheel andmeans for" selectively rotating and selectively displacing said typewheel along its axis including rock' frames having invariableexcursions, rockable elements, each associated with one of said framesand having connections to the type wheel for respectively rotating suchtype wheel rality of characters; means for selectively moving saidmember to select a character comprising a member having a to-and-fromovement and a series of operating members connected to and movable bythe last named member and having at one end a connection to the printingmember; a series of detents for the operating members, each detent whenoperated engaging one of the operating members, said operating members,when held by their detents and moved by the first member, each impartinga different extent of movement to the type wheel to select a character;selectively operable means for actuating the detents, and meanscontrolled by the selectively operable means for causing an operation ofthe first named member.

12. In a machine of the class described, a printing member having aseries of type, means for mounting said member for movement to select atype, an oscillatable member, a series of actuating levers pivotallyconnected to said oscillatable member; means connecting the ends of saidlevers to the printing member, the pivotal connections of said leversbeing arranged so that whenthe free end of any one of them is held andthe oscillatable member is oscillated, the printing member will be moveda different extent for each lever; means cooperating with the free endsof said levers for selectively holding the free ends of said leversagainst movement, and selectively operable means for actuating theholding means.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a printingmemebr having a plurality of type, means to movably mount the printingmember to enable one of said type to be selected, a series of actuatinglevers having one end thereof connected to the printing member; a seriesof detents for the other ends of said levers, said detents beingselectively operable to hold the ends of said levers one at a time; anda common operating member for said levers having connections thereto atdifferent points in- V termediate the ends of said levers whereby thetated or shifted axially an extent different from printing member willbe moved diiferent extents according to which of said levers is heldwhen the levers are moved by the common operating member.

14. In a machine of the class described, the

combination of a series of actuating levers, an

invariably movable element, a variably movable element, said elementsbeing pivotally connected by said levers with diflerent leverage ratioswhereby variable movement is imparted through said levers to thevariably movable element by the invariably movable element; detent meanscooperating with each of said levers and when operated causing theassociated actuating lever to have a pivotal movement under theinfluence of the invariably movable element to produce a variablemovement of the variably movable element according to the leverdetained, and power means for actuating the invariably movable element.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a typewheel, a variably movable operable element and eflect a displacement oithe printing member, said levers having their pivotal relations andrelationships to the detents. and the variably and invariably movablemembers so arranged that each lever effects a different extent ofmovement of the printing member.

19. In a machine of the class described, the combination of acontinually rotating power roller, a cam unit engageable with the powerroller and operable thereby, an invariably movable member connected tosaid cam unit, a printing member movable to difierentpositions to selectone of a plurality of type thereon, a variably movable member connectedto the printing member, a series of actuating levers, each havingpivotal'connections to both the variably and invariably movable memberswith variable lever ratios; and a element for rotating said type wheel,an invariably movable element; a series of operating levers, eachconnected to the variably movable element and to the invariably movableelement with variable lever ratios, respectively; a series of detents,each operatively engageable with one of said levers and when engagedwith its associated lever and the invariably movable element is operatedresulting in the type wheel moving an extent different from the movementeffected by other detents; operating means for the invariably movableelement, and selectively operable means for actuating the detents.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a printingmember having a plurality of rows of type, means to mount said printingmember for two different movements at right angles to each other, aseries of keys corresponding to said types; and means for selectivelymoving said printing member in both of said directions under control ofsaid keys, said moving means including a variably movable element havinga connection to the printing member, an invariably movable element,'aplurality of actuating levers pivotally connecting said elements withdifierent ratios, and a series of detents, each operatively engageablewith one of said levers, each of said levers, when engaged by itsdetent, causing the variably movable element to be moved by theinvariably movable element an extent to select a particular type.

17. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a series ofactuating levers; a series of detents, each cooperating with one of saidlevers and when operated forming a fixed fullcrum for said lever; aninvariably operable memher connected to said levers with variabledriving ratios and, when operated imparting diflerent extents of motionto said levers; a variably operable member connected to said levers, anda printing member connected to the variably operable memher and moveddifferent extents to select type thereon by the movement of saidvariably operable member.

18. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a printingmember having a plurality of type characters, an invariably movableelement, a variably movable element having a connection to the printingmember to effect movement thereof to select a type character, a seriesof detents; and a series of actuating levers, each lever correspondingto a detent and when the detent is operated having a pivotal relationthereto, said levers also having pivotal relationships with both of saidelements whereby when any detent is operated to engage its associatedlever and the invariably operated element is moved, the selectedleverwill impart motion to the variably series of detents, one for eachlever and arranged when operated to act as a third pivot point for saidlevers, said invariably movable member, when operated by said cam unit,moving all of said levers idly unless one of said detents is operatedand, when any detent is operated, in consequence of said variable leverratios, causing the variably movable lever associated therewith to movethe variably movable member an extent different for each lever.

20. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a printingmember having a plurality of rows of type and movable in one directionto select a row of type and in another direction to select a particulartype in a row, a series of keys corresponding to the type on theprinting member; separate means for effecting each of the two movementsof the printing member, each means comprising an invariably movablemember, a variably movable member, a series of levers, each having avariable ratio pivotal connection to the variably movable member and theinvariably movable member respectively, and a series of detentscorresponding to said levers and when operated engaging said levers toform pivots therefor; power means to operate the invariably movablemembers; means controlled by the keys for operating a detent for each ofsaid separate means, said keys causing one or more of the detents to beoperated to effect the one or both movements of the type wheel to selecta type corresponding to the key operated; and means controlled by saidkeys for causing an operation of the power means;

21. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a type wheelhaving a plurality of annular rows of type, means for mounting said typewheel for both rotational and axial movement to select a type; a seriesof keys, each corresponding to a type; two series of actuating levers,one for efiecting rotary movement and the other for effecting axialmovement of the type wheel, respectively; invariably movable meanspivotally connected to said levers for imparting a rocking motionthereto; two series of detent levers, each detent lever being associatedwith an actuating lever and engageable therewith to act as a pivottherefor; variably movable members, one for each of the two selectinmovements of the type wheel, and having connections thereto for movingthe type wheel axially and, rotatably, each of said variably movablemembers being associated with a group of said actuatin levers, saidlevers having diilerent operating ratios to effect diflerent extents ofmovement of the variably movable members and type wheel; and meanswhereby the keys operate the detent levers singly or in combinations tocause at least one of said movements to select a type to take place witheach depression of a key.

22. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a type wheelhaving a plurality of annular rows of type, means for mounting said typewheel for both rotational and axial movement to select a type; a seriesof keys, each corresponding to a type: two series of actuating levers,one for eiiecting rotary movement and the other for effecting axialmovement of the type wheel; invariably movable means pivotally connectedto said levers for imparting a rocking motion thereto; two series ofdetent levers, each detent lever being associated with an actuatinglever and engageable therewith to act as a pivot therefor; variablymovable members, one !or each of the two selecting movements of the typewheel and having connections thereto for moving the type wheel axiallyand rotatably, each of said variably movable members being associatedwith a group of said actuating levers. said levers having differentoperating ratios to effect different extents of movement of the variablymovable members and type wheel; means whereby the keys operate thedetent levers singly or in combinations to cause at least one of saidmovements to select a type to take place with each depression oi a key;power means for operating the invariably movable means, and meanscontrolled by said keys for causing an operation of the power means eachtime a key is depressed.

23. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a type wheelhaving a plurality of characters thereon, a series or keys correspondingto the characters on the type wheel, a main operating member, an elementconnected to the type wheel to eil'ect movement thereof, to, select acharacter; a series of actuating levers having diilerent ratios, eachlever being connected to the main operating member and to said element;and a series oi detents, each cooperating with an ac-- tuating lever andselectively operable by the keys to render said levers eiiective.

FRED M. CARROLL.

